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  Lophanthera lactescens
  Family Name : Malpighiaceae
  Common Names : Golden Chain Tree
 
Golden Chain Tree
  • Record Info
    • Featured in '1001 Garden Plants in Singapore' Book (2ed) :
      TRUE
  • Life Stage & Characteristics
    • Plant Division :
      Angiosperms (Flowering Seed Plants) (Dicotyledon)
      Plant Growth Form :
      Tree (Medium (16m-30m))
      Lifespan (in Singapore) :
      Perennial
      Mode of Nutrition :
      Autotrophic
      Plant Shape :
      Broad / Mushroom / Hemispherical, Open
      Maximum Height :
      20 m
  • Biogeography
    • Native Distribution :
      Brazil, Uruguay
      Native Habitat :
      Terrestrial (Primary Rainforest)
      Preferred Climate Zone :
      Tropical
  • Description & Ethnobotany
    • Plant Morphology :
      [Others]: Tree, up to 20m height. Leaves, mid-green, whorled. Flowers, yellow, small, up to 300 individual flowers in inflorescence, provide nectar for bees. Inflorescence showy, in pendulous chain, lasts several weeks on plant as flowers open from base upwards. Fruits small, mature to pale grey, containing single brown-black seed.Heartwood yellowish, resistant to insect attack. Bark has milky white sap.
      Ethnobotanical Uses :
      None
  • Landscaping Features
    • Desirable Plant Features :
      Ornamental Flowers
      Landscape Uses :
      General, Roadside Tree / Palm
      Thematic Landscaping :
      Golden Garden, Naturalistic Garden
  • Fauna, Pollination & Dispersal
    • Pollination Method(s) :
      Biotic (Fauna) (Insects (Bee))
      Seed / Spore Dispersal :
      Abiotic (Explosive Dehiscence)
  • Plant Care & Propagation
    • Light Preference :
      Full Sun
      Water Preference :
      Moderate Water
      Plant Growth Rate :
      Moderate
      Maintenance Requirements :
      Moderate
      Propagation Method :
      Seed, Stem Cutting, Air-Layering, [Remarks] (Seeds from ripe fruits should be sowed fresh to ensure viability.)
  • Foliar
    • Foliage Retention :
      Deciduous
      Mature Foliage Colour(s) :
      Green
      Mature Foliage Texture(s) :
      Smooth, Glossy / Shiny, Raised / Sunken Veins
      Foliar Type :
      Simple / Unifoliate
      Foliar Arrangement Along Stem :
      Whorled
      Foliar Shape(s) :
      Non-Palm Foliage (Obovate)
      Foliar Venation :
      Pinnate / Net
      Foliar Margin :
      Entire
      Typical Foliar Area :
      Notophyll ( 20.25cm2 - 45 cm2 )
      Leaf Area Index (LAI) * for Green Plot Ratio :
      3.0 (Tree - Intermediate Canopy)
  • Non-Foliar & Storage
    • Trunk Type (Non-Palm) :
      Woody
      Mature Bark Texture :
      Scaly, [Remarks] (Bark, pale green, thin, has bitter milky sap.)
      Stem Type & Modification :
      Woody
      Root Type :
      Underground (Tap Root; Fibrous Root)
  • Floral (Angiosperm)
    • Flower & Plant Sexuality :
      Bisexual Flowers
      Flower Colour(s) :
      Yellow / Golden
      Flower Symmetry :
      Radial
      Flower Size :
      Remarks (Small, up to 300 flowers in inflorescence chain)
      Inflorescence Type :
      Thryse
      Flowering Period :
      Free-Flowering
      Flowering Opening Time :
      Time-Independent
      Flower Lifespan On Plant :
      Several Weeks
      Flowering Habit :
      Polycarpic
  • Fruit, Seed & Spore
    • Mature Fruit Colour(s) [Angiosperms & Gymnosperms] :
      Silver / Grey
      Fruit Classification :
      Simple Fruit
      Fruit Type :
      Indehiscent Dry Fruit (Schizocarp)

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